CMEG Crop Management Extension Group

Field Crop News

Website Address: http://fcn.agronomy.psu.edu/

January 22, 2008    Vol. 08:01

IN THIS ISSUE:

Field Crop News Schedule — Susan Alexander, Jefferson County Extension

A reminder that the future winter publication dates are as follows: February 12th, March 11th and 25th.

Weather Outlook — Paul Knight, Pennsylvania State Climatologist

In spite of the current cold snap, the first 7 weeks of winter (Dec-Jan-Feb) are still averaging 2–4 degrees above normal. After a moist December, January has turned much drier. Snowfall is near to below average, except for the northeastern third of the state. The remainder of the month should average below normal temperatures and precipitation. Wide variations in temperature are likely during February with a dominance of mild during the first half and chill during the later part. Precipitation should be more regular and may average above normal, especially in the western half of the state.

There are still indications that March will be colder than normal and probably wetter than average.

What’s New for Agronomic Weed Control: 2008 — Dwight Lingenfelter and Bill Curran, Weed Science

Following is a document explaining the new options for weed control in 2008. Topics covered include: Labeled Products for Corn, Labeled Products for Soybeans, Labeled Products for Small Grains, Labeled Products for Forage, Pasture, and/or CR(E)P, Pending Products, and Other News — Incoming Herbicide Resistant Crops.

Labeled Products — CORN
Halex GT 4.38EC (Syngenta) is a new postemergence herbicide premix that includes three different modes of action, s-metolachlor (Dual Magnum), mesotrione (Callisto), and glyphosate (Touchdown Hi-Tech) for use in RR corn. Halex GT at 3.6 – 4 pt/A (plus NIS and AMS) provides both foliar and residual control of many weeds. Halex GT can be applied to corn from emergence up to 30 inches tall (or 8-leaf stage) and to weeds less than 4 inches tall/long. Halex can be used as a one-pass program or in planned pre followed by post programs.

Impact 2.8SC (AMVAC) is a newer active ingredient(topramesone) that is similar to Callisto and Laudis and can be used in field or sweet corn. Impact is an HPPD-inhibitor herbicide (pigment inhibitor). Impact has similar broadleaf activity but increased grass activity compared to Callisto. It controls many annual broadleaves and some grasses. Tank mixing with atrazine (0.25 to 1.0 lb) improves the weed control spectrum and improve efficacy. The use rate is 0.5 – 0.75 fl oz/A and the spray solution must include either COC or MSO + UAN.

Laudis 5.25SC (Bayer CropScience) is a new post herbicide that contains tembotrione, an HPPD—enzyme inhibitor similar to Callisto and Impact for use in field and sweet corn. Laudis has similar broadleaf activity to Callisto and Impact and similar grass activity to Impact. The typical use rate will be 3 oz/A plus necessary adjuvants. The addition of 0.5 lb atrazine or other herbicides improves the weed control spectrum.

Status 56WG (BASF) is a newer broadleaf, corn herbicide containing Distinct plus a corn safener. The 5 oz/A Status rate equals 4 oz Distinct. Another possible use could be to use a half rate of Status (2.5 oz) with glyphosate in Roundup Ready corn. Status can be applied to corn from 4 to 36 inch tall. In research trials at Penn State, corn injury was reduced when Status was compared to some other dicamba treatments.

SureStart 4.25L (Dow AgroSciences) is a new premix for control of annual weeds that contains acetochlor (TopNotch), flumetsulam (Python), clopyralid (Stinger), and a corn safener. It can be applied from pre to the early post stage (11–inch tall corn) and is intended to be used with Roundup Ready or Liberty Link field or silage corn hybrids. When applied pre, it is designed to provide early season control of common annual grasses and broadleaf weeds to allow better timing of the in—crop application of glyphosate or glufosinate. The use rate on medium—texture soils ranges from 1.5 – 1.75 pints/A. SureStart does not contain atrazine, so it provides a non—atrazine alternative for triazine—sensitive areas.

Acetochlor on sweet corn. Acetochlor, the active ingredient in Degree, Harness, FulTime, Keystone, Surpass, TopNotch, Breakfree, and Volley brand products, is now labeled for use on sweet corn.

Labeled Products — SOYBEAN
Authority First 70DF and Sonic 70DF (FMC/Dow AgroSciences) are preemergence herbicides combining sulfentrazone (Authority) and cloransulam (FirstRate) for residual, annual broadleaf control. In RR soybeans, apply 3 oz/A Authority First or Sonic pre followed by glyphosate post. In conventional soybeans, apply 6.45 – 8 oz/A. If used in a total pre program, Authority First or Sonic will need to be tank mixed with an appropriate herbicide to control grassy weeds and nutsedge. They can also be used as a fall burndown application in front of soybeans.

Authority MTZ 40DF (FMC) is a preemergence herbicide containing sulfentrazone (Authority) and metribuzin (Sencor) to control many annual broadleaves. In a planned pre followed by post treatment in RR soybeans, apply 10 oz/A pre followed by glyphosate post. Authority MTZ can also be applied as a fall burndown application prior to spring planting of soybean or corn.

Envive 41.3WDG (DuPont) is a spring—applied, preemergence, herbicide premix that includes chlorimuron (Classic), flumioxazin (Valor), and thifensulfuron (Harmony GT). Envive is designed to provide some burndown and residual weed control when applied two weeds before planting up to three days after planting (before soybean emergence). It can be applied at 2.5 – 5.25 oz/A (plus necessary adjuvants) tank mixed with other burndown herbicides. Envive may be followed by an appropriate post herbicide to control any escapes.

Valor XLT 40.3WDG (Valent) is similar to Envive but does not contain the thifensulfuron component, only flumioxazin (Valor) and chlorimuron (Classic). It is labeled for fall or spring burndown or pre treatment in soybeans at the 2.5 – 5 oz/A rate.

Prefix 5.3EC (Syngenta) is a preemergence, herbicide premix that includes s—metolachlor (Dual Magnum) and fomesafen (Reflex) for annual grass, nutsedge, and broadleaf control in soybeans and snap beans. Prefix at 2 – 3 pt/A can be used in conventional or RR soybean systems.

Labeled Products — SMALL GRAINS
Axiom DF (Bayer CropScience) can now be applied early post in wheat to control or suppress winter annual grasses and broadleaves such as downy brome, annual ryegrass, annual bluegrass, common chickweed, henbit, and mustards. Apply 6 – 10 oz/A to wheat in the spike to 3—leaf stage but prior to the 1—leaf stage of the weeds. Do NOT apply pre or severe wheat injury may occur. Tank mix to broaden weed control spectrum.

Harmony Extra 50SG with TotalSol (DuPont) is a new formulation of Harmony Extra for improved handling and performance. This new formulation contains 50% active ingredient versus the 75% ai in the older XP formulation. Therefore, 0.4 oz/A Harmony Extra XP equals 0.6 oz/A Harmony Extra SG TotalSol. Otherwise, it has the same utility as the old formulation.

Huskie 29.6L (Bayer CropScience) contains pyrasulfotole (an HPPD—inhibitor) plus bromoxynil (Buctril) and controls broadleaf weeds in wheat, barley, and triticale. Apply 11 oz/A (plus AMS or UAN) to the small grains between 1 leaf and up to flag leaf emergence and to actively growing weed that have 1–4 leaves. Do not apply to crops undersown with legumes. Huskie can be tank—mixed with certain herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. In wheat, liquid nitrogen may be used as the carrier.

Finesse Grass & Broadleaf 71.7WDG (DuPont) contains chlorsulfuron (Glean) plus flucarbazone (Everest) and controls some weedy grasses and broadleaves in wheat. Finesse G&B can be applied at a rate of 0.6–0.9 oz/A plus necessary adjuvants to wheat from the 2–leaf to joint stage. Best control of grasses is usually obtained with fall applications.

Prowl H2O 3.8CS (BASF) received a supplemental label for use in wheat. We have not tested this program, but believe that this new label could be especially helpful for control of winter annual grasses. Prowl H2O should be applied from the 1–leaf to 4–tiller growth stage of wheat planted at least 1.5 inches deep and before weed emergence. The medium soil rate is 1.5 – 3 pt/A Prowl H2O. Prowl 3.3EC does NOT have this supplemental label for use in wheat, only Prowl H2O.

Labeled Products — FORAGE, PASTURE and/or CR(E)P
Cimarron Plus 63WDG (DuPont) contains metsulfuron (Cimarron) and chlorsulfuron (Glean) and controls many broadleaf weeds in grass pastures and CR(E)P lands. Cimarron Plus may be applied at 0.125 to 1.25 oz/A to many native grass species (switchgrass, bluestems, grama grass, etc.) and other pasture grasses (orchardgrass, smooth brome, etc.). Do not use on timothy or Matua bromegrass, and Cimarron Plus may injure ryegrass and fescue species. Cimarron Plus will take the place of Cimarron. Cimarron 60DF is being phased out.

Prowl H2O 3.8CS (BASF) received a supplemental label for use in established alfalfa. Apply Prowl H2O at 2 — 8 pt/A prior to weed emergence. Applications can be made in the fall after the last cutting through spring, before alfalfa reaches 6 inches of regrowth. Prowl H2O will control many annual grasses and broadleaves. Some stunting and yellowing to the alfalfa may occur after application. Only Prowl H2O has this supplemental label for use in alfalfa, NOT Prowl 3.3EC.

Other Products
Durango DMA and Duramax (Dow AgroSciences) contain a new formulation of glyphosate that includes a high active ingredient load and are fully loaded with surfactants. These products contain 5.4 lb ai (4 lb ae) of glyphosate in the form of dimethylamine (DMA) salt. Typical use rates are 1.5 — 2.25 pt/A. Durango DMA replaces Durango and will be competitively priced; while Duramax replaces Glyphomax XRT and will be priced as a full service brand with premium services. Both of these products can be applied to RR crops.

Rage D—Tech 6.05EC(FMC) is a new premix that contains carfentrazone (Aim) and 2,4–D LV ester. It is labeled for use as a burndown and/or post treatment in corn, soybeans, small grains, pastures, and sorghum. The standard use rate is 0.75 — 1 pint/A; however be cautions of corn and soybean plant—back restrictions when using higher rates (≤7 days if using 0.5 — 1 pt; 14 days if using >1 pt). Of special note, Rage D—Tech can be used as a pre—harvest application in wheat, barley, oats, and rye from hard dough up to 3 days before harvest.

Roundup PowerMAX (Monsanto) is an improved formulation of glyphosate that has been developed for more consistent performance on harder—to—control weeds. It is a potassium (K) salt that contains 5.5 lb ai (4.5 lb ae) of glyphosate plus a unique, fully—loaded surfactant system. The typical use rate will still be 22 fl oz/A. PowerMAX will take the place of Roundup OriginalMAX and be competitively priced. Roundup WeatherMAX will continue to be the full service brand which includes numerous guarantees and service policies that provide greater performance assurances.

Traxion (Syngenta) is a “no—frills” K—salt formulation of glyphosate with a surfactant included. It will primarily be sold in bulk.

Pending Products
Authority Assist (FMC) is a preemergence herbicide containing sulfentrazone (Authority) and imazethapyr (Pursuit). It will have activity on small seeded broadleaves as well as some annual grasses. It will likely be used in a sequential pre followed by post herbicide program. Federal registration is expected in early 2008.

Resolve Q WDG (DuPont) contains rimsulfuron (Resolve) plus thifensulfuron (Harmony GT) and a safener (isoxadifen). Resolve Q (not to be confused with Resolve), is a postemergence, nonvolatile, foliar plus residual herbicide for use as a tank-mix partner with glyphosate. When Resolve Q is applied at 1.25 oz/A (plus necessary adjuvants) with glyphosate it should improve control and provides some residual control of some annual grasses and broadleaves.

Require Q WDG (DuPont) contains rimsulfuron (Resolve) plus dicamba (Clarity) and a safener (isoxadifen). Require Q was developed to be a postemergence tank—mix partner for glyphosate in RR corn. It should help to improve control of many broadleaves plus provide some residual suppression of annuals. The typical use rate is 4 oz/A plus adjuvants. It is expected to be available for the 2008 growing season.

Orion 2.37 SE (Syngenta) is an experimental postemergence, broadleaf herbicide for use in wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale. Orion contains florasulam (an ALS—inhibitor) and MCPA for control of many annual broadleaves. It can be applied to small grains during the 3—leaf stage up to boot. Orion should be registered in early 2008.

Steadfast Q and Accent Q (DuPont) are nicosulfuron-based products that will contain a corn safener (isoxadifen). Their utility will be similar to the current Steadfast and Accent products. DuPont hopes to have registration of these by 2009.

Other News — Incoming Herbicide Resistant Crops
Dicamba resistant soybeans are being developed by Monsanto (along with BASF) to allow pre or post use of dicamba (Clarity, Banvel) on soybeans. These varieties will likely be stacked with the Roundup Ready trait. Benefits include better annual and perennial broadleaf control in soybean and protection from dicamba drift and sprayer tank contamination. Marketing of these soybean varieties is not expected until after 2010.

DHT is the acronym for Dow AgroSciences Herbicide Tolerance traits that will provide tolerance to certain broadleaf and grass herbicides, including the phenoxy auxins like 2,4–D, as well as aryloxyphenoxypropionate ‘fop’. grass herbicides (e.g., Assure, Select). Dow AgroSciences estimates launch timing for this technology at 2012 for corn and 2013 or 2014 for soybeans. More details will be released over time.

Optimum GAT gene is Pioneer/DuPont’s own herbicide tolerant trait and should be commercially available in soybean by 2009 and in corn by 2010. This gene will confer resistance to glyphosate and ALS—inhibitor herbicides. GAT is also commonly referred to as Glyphosate and ALS Tolerance. Pioneer also formed GreenLeaf, a joint venture with Syngenta to license genetics and traits.

Roundup RReady2Yield soybean varieties should be launched in 2009. Monsanto claims these new Roundup Ready varieties will improve yields by up to 7 to 11 bu/A, and yet have all the weed control benefits of current RR soybean varieties.

SmartStax corn varieties will be introduced by 2010 and will have an eight—way stacked gene combination that will confer resistance to certain primary and secondary insects, glyphosate, and glufosinate (Liberty). This is a joint venture between Monsanto and Dow AgroSciences.

Roundup Ready alfalfa is still on hold and under investigation. During this indefinite time period, RR alfalfa can not be planted. Stay tuned.

CHEMSWEEP Program

Now would be a great time to inventory and clean out your Pesticide Storage Area. The Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture has the ChemSweep Program available in 18 selected counties this year.

What is the CHEMSWEEP program?
The program is designed to provide all citizens of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania with a means to dispose of canceled, suspended, or unwanted pesticide products.

Who is eligible for CHEMSWEEP?
Any Pennsylvania citizen can participate, as the program is not limited to only certified applicators. In participating counties, growers of any agricultural commodity would be eligible including mushroom growers, nurseries, greenhouses, Christmas tree growers, and farmers of all types. In addition, commercial pesticide businesses, retired farmers, and homeowners are encouraged to participate. Homeowners may participate by properly disposing of their waste pesticides at locally sponsored Household Hazardous Waste collection events.

A fact sheet explaining the program can be found at the following website: http://www.agriculture.state.pa.us/agriculture/cwp/view.asp?a=3&q=127431 The following website has a map identifying the counties that are the selected counties for CHEMSWEEP 2008 http://www.agriculture.state.pa.us/agriculture/lib/agriculture/plantindustryfiles/Chemsweep_2008.pdf

Window for Frost Seeding Forages is Fast Approaching — Marvin Hall, PSU Forage Specialist

Forage seed can be broadcast without tillage in late winter (a.k.a. frost seeding) on the soil surface of fall—sown cereals or existing forage stands. Success is greatest when the ground is freezing and thawing daily and the soil surface is moist. Freezing and thawing action (honeycombing of the soil surface with ice crystals) along with rain will cover seed with soil and create good seed—to—soil contact. The window of time when the soil is freezing and thawing on a daily basis is frequently very narrow, so producers need to be prepared and ready when the time is right. Early morning frost seeding is recommended before the soil surface begins to thaw. If the soil surface is slimy then stop and wait until the next morning when the soil is frozen again.

Frost seeding works best when pasture and hay stands are thin and where the field was heavily grazed or harvested the previous fall. Red and white clover establish better via frost seeding than most other legumes. Other legumes and timothy can be frost seeded with slightly less success than clovers. Grasses, other than timothy, are difficult to establish with frost seeding because the seeds are large and fluffy. For more information on successful forage crop establishment see Agronomy Facts 49 at http://cropsoil.psu.edu/extension/facts/agfacts49.cfm.

Key points to remember:

Professional Crop Producers Conference to be held at Penn State

The Pennsylvania Corn Growers, Forage Growers, Soybean Growers and No-till Alliance organizations are hosting a single conference called the Professional Crop Producers Conference on March 4—6. This conference has something for anyone growing crops and promises to be very exciting and informative.

In addition to outstanding speakers from across North America, there will also be Rolf Derpsch, a no-till specialist from Paraguay. Rolf has many years of experience with no-tilling and is considered the founding father of the no-till movement in South America. A new concept this year are Producer’s Round Table Discussions that involve producers and speakers getting together and discussing some aspect of crop production. These discussion sessions will be about one hour in length and cover the “down and dirty”, “nuts and bolts” discussion among producers about how they have incorporated a crop production practice into their farming operation.

This conference should be very exciting and informative. If you can only attend one conference this year, this is the one! Make plans now to attend. Additional details plus registration can be completed at http://www.pcpc.psu.edu

Five Acre Corn Club and New Soybean Rust Resource — Greg Roth, PSU Grain Crop Specialist

The 2007 5 Acre Corn Club results have been posted. This was another record breaking year with our high yield at 279 bushels per acre, with four yields over 250 bushels per acre. The average of the 72 entrants was 201 bushels per acre, which is about 40 bushels higher than we were achieving 10 years ago. Results and management programs of the champions are available online at http://cornandsoybeans.psu.edu/corncl.cfm. Congratulations are due to all of the participants and many thanks to the Penn State extension educators and others that conducted the yield checks this year.

A new online resource for soybean rust entitled “Using Foliar Fungicides to Manage Soybean Rust” has been posted online. It looks like a very well done publication. http://oardc.osu.edu/soyrust/

Act 38 Winter Manure Application Requirements — Jerry Martin, Senior Extension Associate, Nutrient Management Education Program

Pennsylvania’s Nutrient Management Law (referred to as Act 6) was originally passed in the spring of 1993 and became effective on October 1, 1997 when the State Conservation Commission’s (SCC) regulations detailing the requirements under Act 6 went into effect in Pennsylvania. In 2005, Act 6 was revised and is now referred to as Act 38. In addition, the SCC has revised the nutrient management regulations which became effective on October 1, 2006.

There are several significant changes to Pennsylvania’s Nutrient Management Program. A summary of these changes, along with a comprehensive source of information on the program, can be found on the program’s website http://panutrientmgmt.cas.psu.edu/. The direct link to "Revisions to PA Nutrient Management Regulations" is http://panutrientmgmt.cas.psu.edu/pdf/lr_act38_Reg_Sum.pdf.

On of the key areas of change relates to manure application setbacks and winter manure application requirements.

The revision of Act 6 to Act 38 incorporated year—round manure application setbacks. The Act 38 requirements are:

In addition, the revisions to the nutrient management regulations include specific requirements related to the winter application of manure.

First of all, a definition of winter is outlined. It is winter if one or more of the following conditions exist: between the calendar dates of December 15 – February 28, or when the ground is frozen to a 4–inch depth, or when the ground is snow—covered.

Secondly, fields that will receive winter applied manure must have a minimum of 25% ground cover.

Thirdly, there additional application setbacks required for winter applied manure. These additional setbacks are:

In summary, an Act 38 nutrient management plan for agricultural operations planning to apply manure during the winter must include a “Winter Manure Spreading Procedures” section which will list the fields or crop management units where winter application is either planned or restricted, the manure application procedures to be used including application, applicable setbacks, the ground cover and conditions of the field during application, and the type of manure planned to be applied.

New Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Chemical Security Regulations

In 2005 and 2006, the Secretary of Homeland Security identified the need for legislation authorizing DHS to develop and implement a framework to regulate the security of high—risk chemical facilities in the United States. In October 2006, Congress passed and the President signed the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2007, which in Section 550 authorizes DHS to require high—risk chemical facilities to complete security vulnerability assessments, develop site security plans, and implement risk—based measures designed to satisfy DHS—defined risk—based performance standards. The Act also authorized DHS to enforce compliance with the security regulations, including conducting audits and inspections of high—risk facilities, imposing civil penalties of up to $25,000 per day, and shutting down facilities that fail to comply with the regulations.

Farmers and ranchers may be affected by the new regulations.

More information on DHS’s Chemical Facility Anti—Terrorism Standards may be found at: http://www.EDEN.lsu.edu/agrosecurity/DHSChemical

Grain Market Outlook — Tom Murphy, PSU Lycoming Co. Extension and John Berry PSU Lehigh Co. Extension

Commodity Markets — where are we and where are we headed?

If you are interested in learning from one of the premiere commodity marketing consultants, you have two opportunities to be with us for a mid—day session with Jerry Gulke.

Jerry Gulke is a market analyst with a common—sense approach to farm management. He grows corn and soybeans in Rockford, Illinois, as well as running Strategic Marketing Service, a commodity marketing consulting firm that advises producers of corn, soybeans, wheat and cotton.

Gulke spent his early years on a grain and livestock farm in North Dakota, and holds a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering and a master’s degree in business administration. He began actively farming in 1976. Gulke combines his farm know—how and his formal business training by offering a practical, goal—oriented approach to marketing and risk—management decision—making.

In addition to his advisory duties with SMS, Gulke is a marketing columnist for Top Producer magazine and an editorial columnist for DTN, an electronic information data service for farmers and agribusinesses. He is featured daily as a marketing expert in a videotape at the Chicago Board of Trade Visitors Center and weekly as a radio commentator on WMT in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Tuesday, February 19, 2008, from 10:00 a.m. until 1:30 p.m.
at the Country Cupboard Restaurant, Route 15S and Hafer Road, Lewisburg, PA 17837
and
Wednesday, February 20, 2008, from 10:00 a.m. until 1:30 p.m.
at the Berks County Ag Center, 1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 110, Leesport, PA 19533

9:30 a.m. Registration and refreshments
10:00 a.m. Program starts with Gene Gantz, USDA, Risk Management Agency, with a crop insurance update
10:30 a.m. Jerry Gulke
12:00 noon Catered lunch
1:00 p.m. Questions and discussion

This activity is sponsored by the Central Susquehanna and Lehigh Valley Grain Marketing Clubs, the Pennsylvania Corn Growers Association, and Penn State Cooperative Extension. Deadline for registration is February 12th. Contact John Berry, (610) 391–9840, johnberry@psu.edu or Tom Murphy, (570) 433–3040, tbm1@psu.edu for additional information.

Registration Form for Marketing Meeting on February 19 and 20, 2008

Name(s)_______________________________________________________________
Address________________________________________________________________
City______________________________ Zip________________
Telephone______________________________
We will attend at: Lewisburg or Leesport
# of reservations ______ x $40/person = $___________
Make check payable to: Berks Co. Ext. Program Account

Mail check and registration form to:
Marketing Meeting — Penn State Coop. Ext., 1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 110, Leesport, PA 19533–9709.

Upcoming Events

No—Tilling For Success Conference
Location — Lebanon Expo Center
80 Rocherty Rd., Lebanon, PA 17042
Date — Feb. 14, 2008
Time — 9:30 am – 3:00 pm
Pre—registration is required — please call 717–270–4391
Admission is free as long as you pre—register. Your name will also be entered in the door prize drawing upon registration.
Registration Deadline — Feb 7th
Pesticide Applicator and Nutrient Management credits will be available.

North West Grazing Conference
Tuesday, March 4, 2008
DuBois, PA
Contact Susan Alexander 814–849–7361 or SAlexander@psu.edu

Contributors: Dept. Crop & Soil Sciences: Marvin Hall, Dwight Lingenfelter, Sjoerd Duiker, Paul Knight, Bill Curran, Ron Hoover, Jerry Martin, County Extension: Susan Alexander (Jefferson), Tom Murphy (Lycoming), John Rowehl (Capital Region), Mena Hautau (Berks)

Editor: Susan Alexander, Jefferson County Extension

Upcoming Events

Real time pest and heat unit activity: http://psu.zedxinc.com/cgi-bin/site.cgi?location=2&user=psu#

Calendar of Events: http://www.events.psu.edu/cgi-bin/cal/webevent.cgi?cmd=opencal&cal=cal209&

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